The Archaeological Site of Pherae

At Pherae, in modern-day Velestino, ruins dating from the 15th to the 4th century BC have survived. The archaeological site does not display the same concentration of monumental remains as other major ancient centres, as some ruins lie within the modern settlement, while others are situated on its outskirts. These include sections of fortifications, temples and dwellings. The finds testify to the city's enduring strategic importance.

Its geographical location, fertile land, proximity to Lake Boibeis (modern-day Lake Karla) and the abundant waters of the Ypereia Spring all contributed to the city's development. At the same time, access to the Pagasetic Gulf and the port of Pagasae boosted its commercial activity.

The City of Tyrants and Myths

Pherae is associated with the mythological tradition of King Admetus and his wife, Alcestis, who became a symbol of marital devotion. The city reached the height of its political power in the first half of the 4th century BC, under the rule of the tyrants Lycophron, Jason and Alexander.

Particularly significant was Jason of Pherae, who sought to unite Thessaly and extend its influence across the wider Greek world. Following his assassination, the city entered a period of turmoil and eventually came under Macedonian rule. Despite its subsequent decline, Pherae retained its importance during the Hellenistic period before being gradually abandoned during the Roman imperial era.

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The Main Monuments

Among the area's most notable monuments is the Ypereia Spring, one of the best-known springs of antiquity, mentioned by the geographer Strabo. The fountain building dates to the 5th century BC and is associated with the city's water supply. Myths and traditions grew up around the spring, while its waters were also used in later periods for irrigation and to power watermills.

Another important monument is the Temple of Thaulios Zeus, a Doric peripteral temple dating to the late 4th century BC. Part of its base survives, while sections of the formidable fortifications that once protected Pherae can still be seen in the area of the ancient acropolis and lower city.

Also of interest are the chamber tombs and built vaulted tombs in Velestino and neighbouring Chloe, which bear witness to the area's long history of habitation and its importance dating back to prehistoric times.

Important portable finds from excavations at Pherae — including inscriptions, coins, sculptures and objects of everyday life — are on display at the Athanasakeion Archaeological Museum of Volos.